MODAL VERBS – unità 3
Verso una scuola dai calzoncini corti – di Enrico Maranzana
27 Agosto 2012Ho passato il concorso da preside. Vi racconto la mia estate da incubo – di …
28 Agosto 2012OBLIGATION, NECESSITY, PERMISSION
STRONG OBLIGATIONS
- MUST » used for strong obligations imposed by the speaker
» used to talk about laws and regulations
» used in present and future
- HAVE TO/HAVE GOT TO » used for strong obligations not imposed by the speaker
» used in present and future
- HAD TO » used in past
» used with reported obligations
WEAK OBLIGATIONS
- SHOULD » used in present (should have done used in the past)
» should + present tense
» there isn’t difference between should and ought to
» used to give advices, to say that is good or bad to do something
- OUGHT TO » used in present (ought to have done used in the past)
» ought + to + infinite
» the past form (for both two) is used for criticism or regret because an action
didn’t happen
LACK OF OBLIGATIONS
- NEED » used to talk about something that is urgent or necessary
» forma negative ha lo stesso uso di have to
- DOESEN’T/DON’T NEED TO
- DOESEN’T/DON’T HAVE TO
ASKING/GIVING FOR PERMISSION
- CAN » used to giving/asking permission
- COULD » more polite
- MAY » formal
- OTHER WAYS » to allow someone to do
» to permit someone to do
» to let someone to do
